Essay about A Comparison of Impressionism and...

A Comparison of Impressionism and Post-Impressionism In this essay, I will contrast and compare the two art movements, Impressionism, and Post-Impressionism. I will be concentrating on the works of the two leading artists of these styles Claude Monet and Vincent van Gogh. The impressionist movement is often considered to mark the beginning of the modern period of art. It was developed in France during the late 19th century. The impressionist movement arose out of dissatisfaction with the classical, dull subjects and clean cut precise techniques of painting. They preferred to paint outdoors concentrating more on landscapes and street scenes, and began to paint ordinary everyday people and liked to show the effects in natural light.†¦show more content†¦This is where we can see the painting still holding onto a touch of the more classical style, but is achieved in a much more impressionistic fashion the mood of the painting is quite peaceful and calming, and the relaxed people and light colours give it a happy and uplifting feel. I think that Monet through his painting was trying to capture a typical laid back French scene. He is also trying to break away from the paintings of the past, that were more sombre and didn?t show ordinary people and their lives. I really enjoyed studying this painting and feel that Monet has created a piece which has many interesting and intriguing features and touches, such as the light bouncing across the water, and shows what a skilled and talented painter he was. The Road-Bridge at Argentil painted in 1874 was another of Claude Monet?s pieces. It is of a river scene, which has a small sailing boat as its main point of interest. The boat is painted in just a dark shade but this contrasts well with the lighter surroundings. We look on this piece from the riverbank, with the small boat perfectly positioned just slightly to the left, which allows us to have an uninterrupted view of the long bridge with its different shapes and curves. The bridge helps give an impression of perspective and leads your eye onto the house, small boat and riverbank in the background. TheShow MoreRelatedLes Grands Boulevard And La Grande Jatte1161 Words   |  5 PagesThrough my analysis and comparison of Les Grands Boulevard and La Grande Jatte I hope to convey to the reader that these two paintings, although painted in different styles, both illustrate the need to slow down and enjoy life. Les Grands Boulevards is a 20 1/2 x 25in. European oil on canvas painting c reated by Pierre-Auguste Renoir in 1875 during the impressionism movement (â€Å"Philadelphia Museum of Art†). The painting is currently housed in the Philadelphia Museum of Art (â€Å"Philadelphia Museum ofRead MoreElisabeth Condon’s Nocturne vs. Vincent van Gogh’s The Starry Night1393 Words   |  6 Pagesfirst drew me to select Elisabeth Condon’s Nocturne (Bob Rauschenberg Gallery) and Vincent van Gogh’s The Starry Night (Frank 348) for this research paper. Initially I wanted to pick two pieces that were different enough in order to form a decent comparison and yet alike enough to connect them in some way. In the art gallery, Nocturne gave me a feeling similar to the one I experienced when I first saw The Starry Night; there was something otherworldly and mystical about it. It made you look at aRead MoreImpressionism vs Post - impressionism1880 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿ Impressionism vs Post Impressionism Modern culture is believed to be the brainchild of two versions of the Protestant worldview: the northern French positivism and irrationalism. If the first is trying to discern the signs of the afterlife in the image of reality (which is actually a reflection of the culture established meanings)Read More##arison Of Camille PissarrosThe Goose Girl At Montfoucalt, White Frost1460 Words   |  6 Pagesdirectly into the painting. The nature of the geese as well as the maiden in the photo make it appear as if they were candidly captured with a camera in the middle of their daily routine. Unlike the Renaissance or other art periods that preceded Impressionism, the goal of the painting was not to convey any ideas, political beliefs, or promote one’s nationalism. The goal in this essence was to create a painting that captured a ‘scene’, which was done eloquently enough to allow the viewer to ‘transplant’Read Morestarry night analysis954 Words   |  4 Page sï » ¿Vincent Van Gogh’s artwork ‘starry night’ is a classic example of the post impressionism movement. Post-impressionist were artist who rebelled against the limitations of impressionism. They developed person styles that focus on emotional, structural, symbolic and spiritual elements they felt were missing from impressionism. ‘Starry Night’ was created in 1889, earlier that year Van Gogh decided to enter the asylum at Saint-Rà ©my. ‘Starry night’ was inspired by the view from his window in the asylumRead MoreMuseum Report on Houses of Parliament: Effect of Fog, London by Claude Monet728 Words   |  3 PagesMuseum Report 1. St. Petersburg Museum of Fine Arts, September 28, 2013, 11:00AM 2. Houses of Parliament: Effect of Fog, London 3. Claude Monet 4. 1904 5. Impressionism 6. Primarily cool blues with hints of green to enhance the subject, mostly a very light sky-blue mixed with white, progressing all the way to pale cerulean. The effect of fog detailed in the scene mutes the colors, lending the sfumato effect to the whole piece. 7. Landscape 8. Self; this and many others of the Palace of WestminsterRead MoreEssay about 19th Century Art1240 Words   |  5 Pageswith the pathos of time, change, distance and the past† (221). He also made it clear that he hoped to see the day when painting becomes â€Å"a regularly taught profession . . . scientific as well as poetic† and that the imagination â€Å"cannot stand by a comparison with reality† (Peillex 189), which indicates that Constable was thinking of realism some fifty years before it became an entirely new phenomenon in the art world. The Impressionists sought to create the illusion of forms bathed in light and atmosphereRead MoreComparative Art: A Progression from Realism to Impressionism1352 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Realism to Impressionism 1 Realism to Impressionism: A Progression The 19th century was a time of radical change and innovation in nearly every aspect of society. The Industrial Revolution changed the face of transportation, business, and science. A race for resources and power among European nations led to colonization of the most remote areas of the world. Old political structures stumbled while new ones like Communism took root. The arts were not immune to this climate of change. LiteratureRead MoreClaude Debussy Essay examples1707 Words   |  7 PagesHe was accompanied with great composers such as Tchaikovsky and Meck. He traveled to places such as Europe and Russia. He furthered his studies in Rome after â€Å"receiving a scholarship to the Acadà ©mie des Beaux-Arts† (Lockspeiser). â€Å"He held no formal posts after his youth, appeared in public only sporadically as a pianist or conductor, and left behind no direct pupils† (Bonds). Nevertheless, Debussy pieces were wildly known and still growing in popularity today. â€Å"Hi s death was widely mourned throughoutRead MoreStarry Night a Paint by Vincent Van Gogh Essay1823 Words   |  8 PagesLastly, The paper will further examine two accounts or interpretations of Starry Night from art historians. Biography Vincent was an influential post-Impressionist painter born in 1853, Netherlands. With Theo van Gogh’s association, Vincent met reputable Impressionist painters such as Émile Henri Bernard and Eugà ¨ne Henri Paul Gauguin. Impressionism served as a platform for Vincent in developing his own style . He explored with colours, a stark contrast from his usual dark and sombre style. The

Essay on Factors to College Dropouts - 827 Words

Obviously, education is considered by most people as a survival kit for security of tenure and financial stability. Truly, many high school graduates who are enroll in college find themselves dropping off school in the first year of their college education. Admittedly, President Barack Obama’s administration knows this issue and has decided to even put out a $380 million educational budget for 2010 to assist students at risk of dropping out and to encourage high school graduates to earn an associate or bachelors degree in college. Today, college dropouts in American colleges have been steadily increasing due to inadequate academic preparation, compromising academic classes, and issues on parenthood. In the first place, Marty Nemko, a†¦show more content†¦Many students leave school because they get more interested in their friends and pleasure.† (1). In this situation, Amy Azzam mentioned in a case study conducted by Civic Enterprises in 2007 for Bill and Melinda Gates foundation, nearly 38 percent of those surveyed left school because of too much friends and pleasure by staying up late in bars and night clubs that led to slacking off on school assignments that eventually resulted in school expulsion. Next, Amy Azzam pointed out that â€Å"Students were not motivated to work hard, but that they would have worked harder had their teachers demanded more† (2). The dropouts lack commitment to study well and they have poor study habits even when tutoring assistance is provided by the school. For the example, based on Azzam’s report 70 percent dropouts believed that they could have graduated if they attended classes; do the required reading assignments and tests. Lastly, Tamar Lewin, a news writer from New York Times stated that â€Å"Students leave school because of the lack of financial literacy skills† (1). Motivation alone without financial know-how cannot stop a student from dropping out. Many dropouts who belong to the low-income and minority group are ignorant of the financial literacy skills. Based on a survey, she stated that 7 out of 10 dropouts had no scholarship or loan aid and about 6Show MoreRelated`` The 13 Most Successful Harvard Dropouts `` By Lauren Browning870 Words   |  4 PagesSome people prefer to not deal with the college system in its entirety, which could potentially be beneficial. There are dozens who have dropped out of college with great success. These dropouts were successful because of their motivation for completing challenges and the effort they put into their work. Lauren Browning author of â€Å"The 13 Most Successful Harvard Dropouts† acknowledges Mark Zuckerberg, who dropped out of Harvard only to become the founder of Facebook and gain the title of youngestRead MoreCollege Dropout Rate And Evidence1332 Words   |  6 PagesCollege Dropout Rate Evidence To Support You re done, you have dropped out of college and there s nothing you can do. Congratulations, you are now in the 1.3 million that also contributed to this statistic. The college dropout rate varies based upon a wide variety of problems college students encounter. Now your reasons for dropping out? There could be many, some of which you couldn t control. However, there are some that directly contribute to the dropout rate; that you could have. We’ll beRead MoreEffects Of Dropout On The Latino Communities Essay1375 Words   |  6 Pagesdropping out of school. Dropout rates are a great concern to school districts and to the U.S. in general. If the population is increasing this means that our future generation needs to be well equipped to help us progress. There are several studies and research that discusses the different factors that contribute to dropout rates in the Latino communities. As we look over previous literature and studies about dropout rates in the Latino populati on we will see the different factors that are currently beingRead MoreEffects Of Dropout Rates On The Latino Communities Essay1024 Words   |  5 Pagesdropping out of school. Dropout rates is a great concern to school districts and to the U.S. in general. If the population is increasing this means that our future generation need to be well equipped to help us progress. There are several studies and research that discuss the different factors that contribute to dropout rates in the Latino communities. As we look over previous literature and studies about dropout rates in the Latino population we will see the different factors that are currently beingRead MoreReasons For Why Student Dropout1257 Words   |  6 PagesNikkita swain English October 29, 2015 Before going off to college one thing that really worried me was my financial aid. I live in a small town and all the students I’ve seen that dropped out said how their financial aid didn’t cover their college expenses. I love where I am from but I refuse to go back to Plymouth because my financial aid wouldn’t cover everything. Some reasons and assumptions to why student dropouts are: school isn’t for everybody, the work is too hard or they couldn’tRead MoreWhy Student s Drop Out Of College1015 Words   |  5 Pagesenrolled in college. Often independent living is something they are not used to and find difficult to cope with the many stresses that they have not experienced at home. For example, having to balance earning an income to have money to live and study. This essay will discuss the three reasons why student’s drop out of college: financial constraints; balancing work with school and social life; and coping with illness and injur ies. Firstly, one of the main reasons why students drops out of college is financialRead MoreSchool Drop Outs/Labeling Theory Social Learning Theory1499 Words   |  6 PagesSchool Dropouts Florida AM University Abstract Over the years dropout rates have decreased but still target African Americans and Hispanics mostly in our society today. Nowadays they are labeled to fail based on race, background, pregnancy, and/or peers. Since the 1970s, there has been a growing effort to improve high school graduation rates. In 1983, the National Commission on Excellence in Education sounded the alarm because U.S. educational standards had fallen behind otherRead MoreDropping Out Of School : A Silent Epidemic963 Words   |  4 Pagesages of 16 and 24 years old were high school dropouts. â€Å"Among these dropouts, 60.1% were men, 18.8% were Black, and 30.1% were Hispanic† (Center for Labor Market Studies, 2009, p. 2). Dropping out is costly not only to the student but also to society as well (Lessard et al., 2008). In comparison to students who graduate from high school, dropouts are more likely to have higher rates of unemployment. For example, in October 2005 high school dropouts had an estim ated unemployment rate of 32.9% whereasRead MoreThe Dropout Crisis Essay977 Words   |  4 PagesThe Dropout Crisis In a rural area just outside of Chicago, 150 students marched at the graduation ceremony. That is a far cry from the 300 students that enrolled as freshman just four years ago. This is not an inner city school, but it is a reminder that there is a crisis in our nation. The high school dropout problem is everywhere. Speakers at graduation ceremonies talk about the aspirations and big dreams of the graduating class. No one ever mentions or notices the bleak futures of their peersRead MoreIs College Tuition A High School?876 Words   |  4 Pages the most frustrating thing about being a high school senior is assembling the future. While a great proportion of high school seniors opt for a four year-university, many modify their original arrangements and attended a community college. Moreover, community college tuition is significantly less than a four-year university and students still receive a top quality education, but at lower cost. Even though a vast number of students intend to transfer their credits to a four-year university, an extensive

The Federal Emergency Management Agency - 2125 Words

Introduction On April 1, 1979 the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) emerged in the United States. The purpose of this agency was to coordinate the response to all types of crises in America to help alleviate local and state government crisis management. In the case of a major crisis in a state, the governor must declare a state of emergency, and request to the president that the state is in need of assistance from FEMA. In addition to assisting states in crisis management, FEMA also provides training of response personnel in the United States, ensuring that people are equipt with the knowledge and skills to assist in case of a disaster (fema.gov). After the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, Congress the Homeland Security†¦show more content†¦The proper use of strategic planning can insure that the goals and objections of an organization are clearly presented with a precise action plan to see the goals in fruition. In this paper, we identify the importance of strategic pl anning in organizations while analyzing FEMA’s 2014-2018 strategic plan. FEMA’s mission statement, core values and goals will be closely examined to determine whether its strategic plan accurately prepares them for their future. Subject Matter 1) How was the plan formulated? When looking at the formulation of the strategic plan for FEMA, FEMA’s Administrator W. Craig Fugate, states that â€Å"this strategic plan was developed through the involvement of hundreds of FEMA employees and many external stakeholders who contributed to generating our objectives, strategies, and outcomes, and who are now working with us to execute this plan† (Fema.gov). According to Pynes, strategic human resources management is the belief that agencies need realistic knowledge of the talent and capabilities of their current staff in order to be effective and adapt to changes quickly. Agencies should implement human resources activities, policies, and practices to make the necessary ongoing changes to improve or support the changes within the agency’s operational and strategic objectives (Pynes, 2013 p. 37). The formulation of the 2014-2018 strategic plan for FEMA connects to Pynes belief of acknowledging the abilities of staff

Management Theory and Practices for Theology- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theManagement Theory and Practices for Theology. Answer: The concept of ethics in business should be integrated in all aspects of operation. Ethics refers to abstract concepts derived from the theology, professional societies and philosophy, which define the right and wrong behaviour Crane Matten (2016). Ethical decision should be taken for an organisation that would regulate the organisational behaviour. A business can integrate the profit making goals with the social goals of management. Social goals emerge from the obligations of the business towards social responsibility. A multinational organisation can face many ethical dilemmas which can be understood by recognising the ethical obligation of a business. Ethical decisions are necessary for the future development of the organisation by gaining the competitive advantage (Dion, 2012). The aim of the assignment is to identify the ethical dilemma faced by an organisation that is in news since last two years. In response to the ethical dilemma, the theoretical concepts from the managerial ethics are used to discuss the issue critically. The essay cortically evaluates how these theoretical concepts influence the managerial practices in the chosen organisation. For this purpose, 7-Eleven company is chosen and ethical dilemma pertains to the Australian franchised stores of this company. Based on thorough literature review on how ethical decisions can be made. In conclusion, the essay critically reflects on how the leaders may ensure organisational decisions are made ethically. The organisation that is chosen for the critical analysis of the ethical dilemma is 7-Eleven with the focus on the companys Australian franchised stores. In Australia the first 7-Eleven was opened in 1977 in Melbourne. 7-Eleven is the American-Japanese organisation. It is the international chain of convenience stores that franchises, operates and licenses more than fifty thousand stores in 18 countries. The company in the US sells partially frozen soft drink named Slurpee. It also sells Big Gulp beverages. Other products of this company are carbonated beverages, energy drinks, coffee, 7-Select private-brand products, bakery items, fresh fruit, salads, fresh sandwiches that are daily made, Bakery items, dairy products, product delivery service and the financial services (Fraser, 2016). In Australia the majority of the stores of 7-Eleven are located in the central business district areas of metropolitan cities. These stores in Australia sell wide range of products including drinks, confectionery, snack foods, daily newspapers, gift cards, three types of visa cards. There are a total of 75 7-Eleven stores established in Australia. Majority of the stores located in the suburban areas are the petrol stations having the central admission. These stores are operated as franchisee (About Us - 7-Eleven Corporate, 2017). Since, the last two years, the organisation is in news due to unethical operations and is discussed in subsequent sections. In 2015, the joint investigation conducted by the Fairfax and the ABC Four corner, revealed that 7-Elevens Australian franchised stores is engaged in unethical employment practices. As per the investigation, there is strong evidence on the underpayment of staff (7-Eleven Wage Scandal Reflects Corporate Irresponsibility, 2017). The employees were forced to work for long hours. For international students, there is a rule of investing 20 hours per work. These students were afraid to complain about the wage theft to the Fair Work Australia, as they were blackmailed about visa cancellation on the ground of breach of regulations. As per the investigation, this issue was prevalent since six years and went unreported. Inspite of the strong evidence the company argues that this use was faced by employees of small number of Franchisees. The wage theft was mainly experienced by the migrant workers in Australia. The joint investigation thus concluded that the franchisee business model cannot wor k in Australia as they are unable to pay according to the Australian Law of payment (Ferguson et al., 2015). 7-Eleven Australian stores wok as 365 days business. Therefore, the wages that are to be paid to the employees should be significant. The scenario was however opposite. The stores work 24 hours every day and yet the total wage given to the six staff as per the documented financial statement showed $64,000. As per the law the payment of each employee per hour should be A$24.69. 7-Eleven Australian stores was paying its staff around A$10-A$14 per hour (Gartrell, 2016). It was evident that the company had no other option but to underpay its staff to maintain its position in Australia. If 7-Eleven had to follow the law, then it must compromise on profit. Further, detailed investigation into the matter showed that there was serious manipulation of the records of the employee working hours. The employees were even deprived of legal entitlements of the penalty rates for overtime, public holidays, and others. The issue was investigated by the Allan Fels, who is the chairman of Australian Com petition and Consumer Commission. As the consequence of the overall investigation, Russ Withers (the chairman) and Warren Wilmon (chief executive), resigned from 7-Eleven. Therefore, this is the case of the ethical failure of leadership and led to lawsuit against the organisation (Planforpersonalsuccess.com, 2017). Highlighting the ethical dilemma faced by the chosen organisation, the essay further aims to discuss the theoretical concepts of managerial ethics in this regard. Managerial ethics refers to set of principles that define the wrong and right operations of business, and helps analyse the situation of conflict (Dion, 2012). There are several definitions of Ethics. It is not merely adhering to law and it is seen as beyond this obedience. May it be business or a eleven is the personal work the virtue of honesty is essential. The unethical business operations of 7-Eleven clearly indicate the conflict between the business ethics and the moral values. The given ethical dilemma can be explained by ethical theories discussed in subsequent sections. According to the Utilitarian theory developed by Jeremy Bentham in 18th century, one must look beyond self interest and make decisions impartially taking into considerations all the people who will be affected by the outcomes of the decision (Sheng, 2012). This theory focuses on the impact of the decision on the stakeholders. As per this theory, when making decisions, the utilitarian recognises the existing trade-offs. As per this theory, decisions made by utilitarian do least harm to all the stakeholders involved in business and maximises the profit. The theory is concerned with rule of Greatest Good for the Greatest Number and aligns with the cost-benefit analysis decision-making (Babalola, 2012). Using the utilitarian theory to critically analyse the business practice of 7-Eleven, it can be interpreted that the franchisee in Australia worked as per self-interest. It was not ethical as it does not promote greater good as per utilitarian theory. The manipulation of the employees records of work hours was unethical and selfish behaviour. According to Fraser, (2016) the 7-Eleven developed false records that showed employees worked only for half hours. The business tried to prove its innocence showing in the false records that it paid double rates instead of flat rate. As per the raids carried to investigate the wage theft it was found the both the directors of the business were aware of these contraventions. It means that the malfunction in the business was taking place with their will and mind. They were least bothered about the pain caused to the employees when measuring the personal happiness. Since employees at 7-Eleven worked overtime and yet were underpaid, it cannot be sai d that that the business catered for maximization of everyone. The franchisor threatened the employees for executing personal motives, which caused heart wrenching pain and harassment to the employees (theconversation.com, 2017). In conclusion the business failed to think neutral and accept multiple perspectives when making decision. The theory of ethical subjectivism emphasise on determining the moral truths on an individual level. According to subjective ethics right and wrong cannot be determined by absolute standards. The theory of ethical relativism focuses on the development of self consciousness. According to this theory people express their feelings and desires by making moral judgements (MacKinnon Fiala, 2014). The decision of wage theft reflects the self-interest and it motivated to perform selfish actions. One of the reasons for the stores underpayment was lack of huge profit generation. This motivated the selfish actions. Under the theory of psychological egoism, the leadership of 7-Eleven is based on the selfish behaviour. This theory also states that it is not possible for a person to be unselfish in every action (Broad, 2014). As per this theory it may be considered ethical for 7-Eleven to franchise. Under this theory it may be justified for the franchisee to only think of profit maximisation. The franchisor is greatly benefitted by accepting the parentage of the net profit from each store. This ensures shareholders benefits when the staff is underpaid (Karp, 2017). Every company makes a strategy to ensure the shareholders benefits. Wage theft was one such strategy of 7-Eleven for profit maximisation. Therefore, there is strong conflict of interest in this case. It is because, if the franchisee paid legal wages to the employee and acted unselfishly. This would have led to huge loss and unsustainable for the franchisee stores. According to the Justice-based ethical theory formulated in the 15th century by Aristotle and Plato, any decision should ensure the fairness, equity and impartiality. According to this theory, any action taken by the organisation should demonstrate the comparative treatment of all the stakeholder who will be effected by the outcomes of decision (LaFollette Persson, 2013). The malpractice helped the business to sustain Australias strict law but was unfair to employee. Applying this theory to ethical dilemma of 7-Eleven, it can be said that for personal gains, the franchisee did not pay the wage that the employees were legally entitled to. In this case only one party is at loss and other gains profit, there is no equity. The leader did partiality that does not justify the employees hard work. Another theory that can be explained in the context of unethical business practice conducted by 7-Eleven is the Agency Theory. According to this theory, in business, people mainly focus on profit maximisation. The morality of the practices in business context is determined by the market trend. It means that the position of the business in the market decides what is right for the business. External factors do influence the moral choice that may cause bias in perception and judgment of the businessperson (Shafer-Landau, 2012). Applying this theory to the 7-Eleven case, it can be said that, the franchisee blindly followed the basic model of business. With this model it was easy for the business to maintain the operational funds and underpayment to staff appeared correct decision. It did not appear to the organisation as wage theft. The leader was unethical at being failed to recognise the prominent line between the business needs and personal choices. In case of 7-Elevne the personal ch oice of the leader was subjective that negatively influenced the hard work of the employees. Hence, it is necessary for any business leader to be aware of the managerial ethics and corporate code of conduct. There is the change in the line between the tics and law in business due to turbulent world. What might be ethical in one business may turn unethical for other business. This situation demands taking into consideration the perspective of stakeholders on ethics. Ethical leadership is the one that maintains the respect, dignity and interests of employees (www.abc.net.au, 2017). The conflict been the business ethics and the moral values during ethical dilemma can be addressed by the use of utilitarian theory. Using the agency argument a business can protect the personal interest. However, from the perspective of the utilitarian their actions will have direct impact on the employees (Broad, 2014). Analysing the ethical dilemma of 7-Eleven it can be concluded that there is a complete failure of leadership. When some of the staff approached the head office before communicating with the Fair Work Australia, the concerns should have been addressed. The malpractice would not have then led to this big scam. It can also be concluded that there is a need of developing leadership style and business structure that ensures satisfaction of all the -stakeholders of 7-Eleven. Studying the theoretical concepts of managerial ethics had well explained the influence of the ethical dilemma on managerial practices and is discussed in subsequent sections. A thorough literature review was performed to understand the factors contributing to the ethical dilemma in 7-Eleven. The given theoretical concepts seem to influence the managerial practices in 7-Eleven. The franchisees fail to handle the operational expenses, when sharing the profit. The new chief executive after replacing Mr. Wither announced the company is ready for prevention of wage abuse. It was demonstrated that the company is ready for satisfactory remediation (Regan, 2016). However, this decision hit the company with worse outcomes. Due to lack of sufficient resources, the company failed to pay the running cost of the stores. Consequently most of the stores were sold. It may add to unemployment. This outcomes predicted in advance could be the cause of unethical practices. Therefore, the leaders decision aligns with the Agency theory, which is concerned with the profit maximization (Johnson, 2017). Following the utilitarian theory would not have led to profit maximisation. The 7-Eleven franchise modelsin the Australia works in an unfair manner, the model has unique style of sharing profits. In Australia, the head office takes 57% of the net profit from the franchisee stores. Therefore, only 43% is left with the franchisee. Since the head office was unfair, the franchisee is left with no option but wage theft to manage expenses. Under the theory of psychological egoism, this is the selfish behaviour of the head office that influenced the managerial practices of 7-Elevens franchisees in Australia. Without sharing 50-50 profits by the head office, it is difficult to eliminate the wage theft (Terry-Armstrong, 2016). When international students are working for extra income, they need to manage the funds. In order to so there is a need of government support. The regulators must be more supportive in this matter by regularly monitoring the operations. They need to be more responsible in creating the awareness among students and should be better resourced. It is the lack of government support that the workers feared to expose their hardships. They were afraid of visa cancellations. Therefore, it was easy for the franchise of 7-Eleven to blackmail the workers and prevent them from seeking help (Regan, 2016). It is due to lack of government support and regulation that the Franchisee practiced in discrimination when recruiting the foreign students from Asian countries and other places. The head office was only profit oriented and never checked the profile of these students. On the other hand, these international students were willing to work for less spay. Due to language barrier thee students could no t opt for any other job. They were an easy prey for 7-Eleven scam. The regulators were negligent in duties and in ethically safeguarding these employees. These students were not aware of the rights and pay system that they deserve. According to Terry-Armstrong, (2016) there is a need of induction training for the foreign students for work rights awareness. In this situation the remedial option would be to avoid the profit sharing model. If the head office shares or contributes some percentage to the running cost, it will help in efficient operation of stores while eliminating the staff underpayment. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is need of adopting the alternative operational model. There is also need of strict regulation by the government against the malpractice in the franchisee. The business needs to understand the line between the personal interest and the corporate needs to behave ethically. This malpractice is influencing the whole franchisee network, as stores practices what other stores does (MacKinnon, Fiala, 2014). Based on the above discussion, it is recommended that there is further investigation into the head office responsibilities in this regard and in auditing. Since the entire business model is flawed there is no point in implementing the payback solution. Some evidence based measure that the companies can implement in such events includes development of strict code of conduct and impose penalty for breaching the legislations such as cancelling of the franchisee agreement (Babalola, 2012). There should be regular auditing of the operations by both franchisee and the company. When the employees complain of the workplace issue there is a need of immediate investigation. The employee recruitment process must be monitored particularly for vulnerable groups. To indentify the noncompliance, independent investors should be present in the company. 7-Eleven can develop union to implement the model for supporting the equal benefit for multi-stakeholders (Ferguson et al., 2015). In conclusion, the essay discussed in detailed the ethical dilemma of 7-Elevens franchisee stores in Australia. The theoretical concepts of managerial ethics thus helped in evaluating the ethical dilemma of 7-Eleven and it is now better known how the big companies engage profit maximisation. Staff exploitation is the major pathway in this process. Although the joint investigation revealed that the company had direct involvement in the malpractice, the company denied accepting the fraud. The ethical theories helped to understand the influence of ethical dilemma on managerial practice. Therefore, it is the lesson for other companies to scrutinise the payroll and other work records of the employees. It is not easy to implement the payback solution to such huge wage theft. Implementing the utilitarian theory is the best way to resolve the conflicts of interest between business needs and moral values. It is necessary for very organisation to have defined ethical policy for such conflicts. Only with the help of such policy a business can engage in rationale thinking and greater good. Subjectivism will emerge when the leader is engaged in personal preference and partiality. Various external factors hamper the decision making of any organisation. The leaders thus need to have strategic goals and specific operational plans. The values and mission statement should be effectively communicated to the employees. Overall considering the stakeholders of the Australian market there is a serious revision to the Franchisee model of 7-Eeven for fair share of profit. Stringent government policies are needed to penalise the culprits of scam. References 7-Eleven founder flags changes to business model. (2017).ABC News. Retrieved 13 October 2017, from https://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-09-10/7-eleven-founder-flags-changes-to-business-model/6765940 7-Eleven Wage Scandal Reflects Corporate Irresponsibility. (2017).Workplace Ethics Advice. Retrieved 13 October 2017, from https://www.workplaceethicsadvice.com/2015/10/7-eleven-wage-scandal-reflects-corporate-irresponsibility.html About Us - 7-Eleven Corporate. (2017).Corp.7-eleven.com. Retrieved 13 October 2017, from https://corp.7-eleven.com/corp/about Babalola, Y. A. (2012). The impact of corporate social responsibility on firms profitability in Nigeria.European Journal of Economics, Finance and administrative sciences,45(1), 39-50. Broad, C. D. (2014).Five types of ethical theory(Vol. 2). Routledge. Can 7-Eleven be trusted to clean up its own mess?. (2017).The Conversation. Retrieved 13 October 2017, from https://theconversation.com/can-7-eleven-be-trusted-to-clean-up-its-own-mess-59302 Crane, A., Matten, D. (2016).Business ethics: Managing corporate citizenship and sustainability in the age of globalization. Oxford University Press. Dion, M. (2012). Are ethical theories relevant for ethical leadership?.Leadership Organization Development Journal,33(1), 4-24. Ferguson, A., Danckert, S., Toft, K. (2015). 7-Eleven: A sweatshop on every corner. The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 13 September 2017, from https://www.smh.com.au/business/workplace-relations/7eleven-a-sweatshop-on-every-corner-20150827-gj8vzn.html Fraser, M. (2016). Investigating 7-Eleven: Who are the real bad guys?.Gr Gartrell, A. (2016).Malcolm Turnbull's financial stake in 7-Eleven under scrutiny. The Sydney Morning Herald.Retrieved 13 September 2017, from https://www.smh.com.au/federal-politics/political-news/malcolm-turnbulls-financial-stake-in-7eleven-under-scrutiny-20160204-gmlikw.html Johnson, C. E. (2017).Meeting the ethical challenges of leadership: Casting light or shadow. Sage Publications. Karp, P. (2017).7-Eleven workers beaten and forced to pay back wages, Senate inquiry hears.the Guardian. Retrieved 13 October 2017, from https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2016/feb/05/7-eleven-workers-beaten-and-forced-to-pay-back-wages-senate-inquiry-hears LaFollette, H., Persson, I. (Eds.). (2013).The Blackwell guide to ethical theory. John Wiley Sons. MacKinnon, B., Fiala, A. (2014).Ethics: Theory and contemporary issues. Nelson Education. Planforpersonalsuccess.com. (2017).7-Eleven Scandal an Ethical Failure of Leadership.planforpersonalsuccess.com. Retrieved 13 October 2017, from https://planforpersonalsuccess.com/7-eleven-unethical/ Regan, L. (2016). Time for change at 7-Eleven.Proctor, The,36(5), 36. Shafer-Landau, R. (Ed.). (2012).Ethical theory: an anthology(Vol. 13). John Wiley Sons. Sheng, C. L. (2012).A new approach to utilitarianism: A unified utilitarian theory and its application to distributive justice(Vol. 5). Springer Science Business Media. Terry-Armstrong, N. (2016). 7-Eleven: A case study of a flawed franchise model.Busidate,24(2), 8.

Literature A Mirror Of Society Essay Example For Students

Literature A Mirror Of Society Essay The literature of a countryis affected and influenced by how the people of thatcountry live. This paper will prove that The FrenchRevolution greatly influenced 19th Century FrenchRomanticism. First, the cultural values of the revolution willbe identified. Then, the different aspects of Romanticismwill be presented. The cultural values of The FrenchRevolution and Romanticism will then be linked. Finally,literary examples will be shown to support this connectionbetween the two movements. Before the Revolution, thecitizens of France lived in a strict, confined society with nofreedom to express their feelings. Government had imposedstrong, unfair laws on the common people (ComptonsInteractive Encyclopedia French Revolution). Theywanted a voice in a stable government with a strongeconomy (Johnson 105) and a strong sense of individualityand independence within the people. (Moss and Wilson180) Eighteenth- century literature was much like thesociety in which it was produced, restrained. Soci ety wasdivided into privileged and unprivileged classes, (Leinward452) with Eighteenth- century writers focusing on the livesof the upper class. (Thompson 857) These writers followedformal rules(Thorlby 282), and based their works onscientific observations and logic (Thompson 895). TheRevolution gave the common people and writers morefreedom to express feelings and stimulated them to usereason. According to Thompson, The Revolution had amajor impact on Nineteenth- Century European Life.(895) It sent a strong wave of emotion and revivalthroughout France (Peyre 59). This lead to new laws andstandards for the citizens, including newer, less imposingliterary standards. Romanticism marked a profound changein both literature and thought. Romanticism, according toWebsters Dictionary, is defined as a literary movement(as in early 19th century Europe) marked especially by anemphasis on the imagination and emotions and by the useof autobiographical material. Although this may be true,there is no single commonly accepted definition ofRomanticism, but it has some features upon which there isgeneral agreement. First, it emphasized upon humanreason, feeling, emotion, and expression (ComptonsInteractive Encyclopedia, Romanticism) whileemphasizing the love of nature, beauty, and liberty. (Leinward 528-529) Thompson defines Romanticism as a major literary and cultural movement that was inspiredby the imaginations, inner feelings, and emotions of theRomantics. (895) If one term can be used to describe theforces that have shaped the modern world, it isRomanticism. (Peyre, 2) Romanticism has had such aprofound effect on the world since the late 18th centurythat one author has called it the profoundest culturaltransformation in human history since the invention of thecity. (Comptons Encyclopedia, Romanticism) Harveyand Heseltine state that The outstanding characteristic of18th-century French literature had been attached toreason. About the turn of the century. literature becamea matter of senses and emotions. (633) They also say thatthe movement of Romanticism gave practical expressionto the new spirit because it recognized that the boundson literature were too rigid. (634) There are many directrelations how the French Revolution influenced the FrenchRomanticism that foll owed it in the Nineteenth- century. The French Revolution had a major impact on the timelineand progression of Romanticism. Vinaver states thatNeither a revolt or a reaction, Romanticism was arevolutionary fulfillment And this in turn explains why theEuropean event known as the French Revolution is at oncethe climax of RomanticismIts French Revolution}date, 1789, conveniently divides the Pre- Romanticismera from the full flowering of the new culture. (6)Romanticism starts in about 1774, but does not take offuntil the last decade of the 18th- century, the same time asthe Revolution. The French Revolution provided for manyof the problems and basis for many Romantic literaryworks. First of all, the political change brought by theRevolution, along with the intellectual reverberationsbrought upon Romanticism. (Harvey and Heseltine 634)Also, Thompson states that Romanticism was shapedby the ideals of the French Revolution. (895) Finally,Vinaver declares that the Revolution served as a greatsource of the problems and tendenc ies of Romanticproper. (6) The Revolution also inspired many writers towrite romantically. Peyre points this out when he says that itis wrong to call writers revolutionaries but when he writesabout revolution- inspired works, he states: in almost all ofthem revolution- inspired romantic writers could bedetected a feeling of revoltinspired by passion anddirected against morals which were considered tooconstraining. (59) This shows how the writers stood forand supported the revolution that had occurred forty yearsbefore. Thompson makes a clear point along this line whenhe states that Romanticism was a major literary andcultural movement that emerged out of the FrenchRevolutionary spirit of the late 1700s (895) In France,the Romantic Poets, especially Victor Hugo and Alfred deVigney, gave their attention towards the problems arisingout of the French Revolution. (Peyre 59) Alfred de Mussetwrote philosophically moving lyrics. (Comptons InteractiveEncyclopedia French Literature) Alphonse de Lamartinedelicately analyzed his own emotions. (ComptonsInteractive Encyclopedia French Literature) Joseph deMaistre, another major figure whose strong political viewsmade him totally oppose the war, still took the Revolutionin to consideration when writing. (60) Leinward supportsthis idea when he says Poets were moved by the greatevents of their lives, including the French Revolution.(528) Hugo, the greatest poet of the 19th century France,perhaps of all French Literature, was the major figure of theRomantic Movement. (Harvey and Halestine 350) HisHernani helped win the revolt against the classic rules ofliterature. (Comptons Interactive Encyclopedia, FrenchLiterature) His most famous work, Les Miserables, was anovel about the suffering of humanity during the Revolution. .u7548058b6f659aa46719ee132112d8b5 , .u7548058b6f659aa46719ee132112d8b5 .postImageUrl , .u7548058b6f659aa46719ee132112d8b5 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7548058b6f659aa46719ee132112d8b5 , .u7548058b6f659aa46719ee132112d8b5:hover , .u7548058b6f659aa46719ee132112d8b5:visited , .u7548058b6f659aa46719ee132112d8b5:active { border:0!important; } .u7548058b6f659aa46719ee132112d8b5 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7548058b6f659aa46719ee132112d8b5 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7548058b6f659aa46719ee132112d8b5:active , .u7548058b6f659aa46719ee132112d8b5:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7548058b6f659aa46719ee132112d8b5 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7548058b6f659aa46719ee132112d8b5 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7548058b6f659aa46719ee132112d8b5 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7548058b6f659aa46719ee132112d8b5 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7548058b6f659aa46719ee132112d8b5:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7548058b6f659aa46719ee132112d8b5 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7548058b6f659aa46719ee132112d8b5 .u7548058b6f659aa46719ee132112d8b5-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7548058b6f659aa46719ee132112d8b5:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Impact of Continental Drift on Evolution Essay(Leinward 529) Vigney, a poet, dramatist, and novelist,played a large role in the Romanticism of the 1820s. Hisplay, Chatterton, dramatized the misfortune of the poet in amaterialist and pitiless society. (Comptons InteractiveEncyclopedia Vigny) Alfred de Mussets philosophicalpoetry played a major role in the Romanticism of the1820s. (Comptons Interactive Encyclopedia FrenchLiterature) Harvey and Heseltine say that Musset isusually classed with Hugo, Lamartine, and Vigny as one ofthe four great figures of the Romantic Movement(Harvey and Heseltine 502) His lyrical poetry mixedsuffering and passion such as in Le Souvenir. (502)L amartine, described by Harvey and Heseltine as one ofthe four great poets of the Romantic Movement (390),expressed his appreciation for nature as a reflection of hisown moods in his Meditations poetiques. (390) Thisshows how Romantic poets could display their love fornature and human qualities of thought at the same time. Joseph de Maistre whose inconsistent and impassionedideas about the Revolution influenced Vigny, wasimpressed by the divine greatness of the Revolution.(Peyne 59) The Revolution and the idea how it wascontrolled by a mighty force inspired him to write andcelebrate it as being divine in Te Deum. (59) The researchpresented in this paper has shown that the FrenchRevolution of 1789 greatly influenced the Romanticliterature of the proceeding 19th century France. TheFrench cultural values before and during the revolution havebeen presented. The different aspects of Romanticism havebeen reviewed in detail. Then relations with examplesbetween the Revolution and Romanticism were presented. In closing, I have shown how the French Revolution hashad a remarkable effect on French Romantic literature inthe 19th century.